In an End City in my realm, there was a bugged shulker that did not shoot. When I jumped on top of the shulker and tried to kill it with my sword, I suddenly died. I had full health and was not taking any damage, but died anyway.
It almost looks like I died instead of the shulker, since he was taking a lot of damage from my sword, but refused to die.

This happened in a world with seed -593287582, in an End City located at coordinates 1024,1024.