Reproduction steps

Create a village over a chunk boundary where most of the beds are in one chunk and the work stations are nicely spread in both chunks. 

Populate it. Villagers will stop breeding when all the beds are full.

Now reduce the render distance to the minimum (5) to help you visualise the simulation distance.

Position yourself so that you would only simulate the bed chunk.

Wait. Hopefully the villagers will be breeding.

After a while, bump every setting back up and enter the village, stay there a few days. The beds will all be occupied and you will see villagers without beds walking around.

Add a bed or two for those villagers

Expected result

Bedless villagers claim the beds and no breeding occurs

Actual result

The villagers will claim the bed, but still breed.

Now mine all the beds and replace them one by one.

The beds will be claimed one by one. Now try adding new beds for the oversupplied villagers, waiting after each one to see if they start breeding again and mining the bed if they do.

I observed this to help but I still have one villager without bed which I can't help.

It seems like there's two places the number of bed can be stored, one for sleeping and one for breeding, and they can get out of sync, and there's no automated process for correcting discrepancies, presumably because such a process would be expensive and make it lag.

Note: 

This became apparent in 1.18.30 because of intense freezing, I couldn't come close to the village. I tried approaching it from various sides. Once it froze I tried moving away again. 

When the freezing bug was fixed, or greatly improved, I went back to the village and found more villagers than expected, with more beds adding more villagers.

Mining and moving all the beds helped, but didn't completely fix it. Maybe there's still a bed I haven't moved.