I am searching for bug report if that's the same problem as mine. Seems like this one, MCL-18284, MCL-18283, MCL-18282. I'm on Ubuntu 20.04, while those mentioned are on Windows. I've installed from the official package from minecraft.net and it worked just well since a month ago, but it did nothing now with minecraft-launcher on terminal.

I tried to reinstall the launcher with the minecraft-installer app on Ubuntu softwares, and the same ("Whoops! Sorry, something went terribly wrong and you probably encountered a bug. Please file a report.") happened. Not just a single version of minecraft, but the entire minecraft launcher. minecraft dungeon is not available on Linux so I ain't sure if it is working.

At the same time, the server I host keeps working since it's been launched few days ago.