So I created a void world using customised super flat and then ran the command "/setblock ~ 64 ~ stone"

This created a wireframe of the block, without textures.
Here's a picture of what is displayed:
http://prntscr.com/3u334r

If you relog, the texture does come back.
It seems to only do it for the first block in a chunk? So if I run the command again but the block goes in the same chunk as the first one then it's texture is there. Yet if I go to a chunk that hasn't had a block yet, then it does it?

How to duplicate:

Make a void world (nothing but air)
Run the command: "/setblock ~ 64 ~ stone"

Seems to happen 9/10 times. Rare chance it actually displays the block.