Throw a trident in survival mode, and enter either of the two below commands.

/item modify entity @n[type=minecraft:trident] contents {"function":"minecraft:set_damage","damage":0}

/data modify entity @n[type=minecraft:trident] item.components.minecraft:damage set value 250

This sets the trident entity to have 0 durability, which is expected to delete it, just as an item entity with 0 durability would be deleted. But it doesn't get deleted. Picking up the trident, you'll see it has 0 durability.