MC-188529 outlines an issue wherein all particles are invisible behind blocks featuring transparent textures on fast and fancy graphics settings, and is designated as "won't fix." When it comes to rendering elements such as particles, block hitboxes, and other transparent objects, it appears that Mojang has to chose 1 out of 4 possible rendering bugs:

1. Always rendered in front of transparent blocks, even when being behind (MC-188673 for example)
2. Always rendering behind transparent blocks, even when being in front of (MC-161926 or MC-161879 for example)
3. Never being rendered behind transparent blocks (particles for example as reported in MC-188529 or MC-161899)
4. Transparent blocks not being rendered behind it (MC-187783 or MC-193051 for example)

Before 1.15 most particles had rendering bug 4, which is fine for particles without a transparent texture, like barrier particles, angry villager particles, heart particles and more. Some had rendering bug 2, even ones that didn't have a transparent texture, which was problematic. Since version 1.15 all particles have rendering bug 3. This bug report is pointing out that the issue can be fixed for particles without a transparent texture by having them have rendering bug 4. This would allow these particles to not have any of these rendering bugs again like you can see in these 2 screenshots:

As previously noted, these two particles are likely affected by rendering bug 4, which goes unnoticed because they have no transparency.

However, as observed below, in newer versions, these particles exhibit rendering bug 3:

Below is a list of particles without transparent textures. It's probable that for these particles, addressing the issue involves reverting them to rendering bug 4 instead of 3:

• minecraft:angry_villager
• minecraft:ash
• minecraft:block (when used for a block without transparent texture)
• minecraft:block_marker (when used for a block without transparent texture)
• minecraft:bubble
• minecraft:bubble_column_up
• minecraft:bubble_pop
• minecraft:cherry_leaves
• minecraft:cloud
• minecraft:composter
• minecraft:crimson_spore
• minecraft:crit
• minecraft:current_down
• minecraft:damage_indicator
• minecraft:dolphin
• minecraft:dragon_breath
• minecraft:dripping_dripstone_lava
• minecraft:dripping_dripstone_water
• minecraft:dripping_honey
• minecraft:dripping_lava
• minecraft:dripping_obsidian_tear
• minecraft:dripping_water
• minecraft:dust
• minecraft:dust_color_transition
• minecraft:dust_plume
• minecraft:effect
• minecraft:egg_crack
• minecraft:elder_guardian
• minecraft:electric_spark
• minecraft:enchant
• minecraft:enchanted_hit
• minecraft:end_rod
• minecraft:entity_effect
• minecraft:explosion
• minecraft:explosion_emitter
• minecraft:falling_dripstone_lava
• minecraft:falling_dripstone_water
• minecraft:falling_dust
• minecraft:falling_honey

Given the extensive number of particles lacking transparent textures, it's impractical to list them all here. However, I hope that you'll be able to address MC-188529 for non-transparent textures as I've proposed.