Replacing any other block with `setblock ~ ~ ~ stone replace` doesn't play the sound or the particles. Replacing doors however plays the particles and the sound. It behaves the same as `setblock destroy` visually.

I've ran the following commands in-order, the first two are executed on cobblestone, the last two on a door. The last one doesn't drop the block but still plays sound and visuals. I sadly can't upload the video due to size limitations (the video is 30MB).

/setblock -81 4 -301 stone destroy

/setblock -81 4 -301 stone replace

/setblock -81 4 -301 stone destroy

/setblock -81 4 -301 stone replace

 Thinking about this, I think the particles are displayed due to the upper/lower part being replaced through the command and the game therefore destroys the other part of the door. It doesn't take the command argument in account but defaults to `destroy` and therefore the particles are shown.