There are many issues like this one, but no one else seems to have the problem where they can only get the trading menu up with Novice villagers.

My village is from 1.13.2, but my realm is now on 1.14.3

My villagers have 1.14.3 jobs and outfits (those that don't have jobs I cannot trade with - just shake their head and have plain coats)

If I try to trade with a villager with a 1.14 job with an apprentice level or higher (true for all levels) the trading menu disappears after a tick.

If I try to trade with a villager with a 1.14 job with a novice level, the menu stays open

Further testing shows that if I trade with a novice level villager and level them up to an apprentice, then I can trade with them, even after closing the trading menu.