I am unable to launch Minecraft from the launcher, the launcher will re-open every time with every version of Minecraft I have tried. I have a fully registered Mojang account with Minecraft Purchased. There is no crash report, the only information I can find is displayed by the re-opened launcher in the launcher logs attached below.
The problem appeared around the time I updated my Minecraft launcher after receiving a notification it was out of date.

What I expected to happen was...:
Minecraft would startup after clicking "Play"

What actually happened was...:
The Minecraft launcher would reappear displaying the Game Output:
Completely ignored arguments: [--nativeLauncherVersion, 1164]
[16:18:29] [Client thread/INFO]: Setting user: SirDust_
[16:18:30] [Client thread/INFO]: LWJGL Version: 2.9.4

Solutions that I have tried...
Using the Latest Version of Minecraft
Updating Java
Deleting .minecraft
Reinstalling Minecraft
Reverting to a previous version of Java that had worked in the past
Changing the Java Setting "Executable" in the Profile Editor directly to the executable of either version of Java

The result would be the same every time. Within the launcher logs, the only error displayed is this one:
[16:18:32 ERROR]: Game ended with bad state (exit code -1073740791)

Attached is the full launcher log as reported by a fresh install of Minecraft using the default profile settings with Java 8 121 (64-bit) installed. Again there is no crash report.