Installing the Minecraft launcher with the .deb file provided on Minecraft's download page won't properly download the needed files in order for the launcher to start. On a clean install, the Minecraft launcher will drop only 2 files to the .minecraft folder, launcher_log.txt and launcher_settings.json, both of which have missing information (launcher log attached). The launcher will then procrede to crash, however will still be running in the background not doing anything.

I have tried using files from a first party Windows install and a third party Snap store install and dropped them into the .minecraft folder, however the farthest I have gotten was the "loading" screen forever spinning after logging in (screenshot attached). When I go into the launcher_log.txt after this, it appears to get stuck on a connection with
"[Info: 2021-01-15 19:22:05.279885363: NetQueue.cpp(466)] NetQueue: Action finished: https://launchermeta.mojang.com/v1/products/launcher/6f083b80d5e6fabbc4236f81d0d8f8a350c665a9/linux.json
[Info: 2021-01-15 19:22:05.279976783: NetQueue.cpp(487)] NetQueue: Action finalized: https://launchermeta.mojang.com/v1/products/launcher/6f083b80d5e6fabbc4236f81d0d8f8a350c665a9/linux.json"
and then the log ends there with no other information.