Summary:
When you eat a golden apple and take some damage, the golden hearts take some damage and disappear, however the absorption effect does not go away.
This is a parity issue, in java it was fixed in 23w31a -> MC-202432.

Steps to reproduce:

1. Switch into survival mode and give yourself the absorption effect.

   /effect @s absorption 999 0
   

2. Consume the absorption hearts by taking some damage.

   /effect @s instant_damage 1 0
   

3. Take note as to whether or not the absorption effect is removed when all absorption hearts are consumed.

Observed results:
The absorption effect isn't removed when all absorption hearts are consumed.

Expected results:
The absorption effect would be removed when all absorption hearts are consumed.

Screenshots: