Map-Changes (Map Items as well as Maps inside of ItemFrames) ignore World-Changes after changing the world. Only the client ignores the changes. The server has valid data and reports it to all players. Players who never changed the world in the current session accept those updates. Players that did change the world do not accept the updates.

Reproduce
Tested with a Client<>Server setup on localhost as well as a dedicated server
1. Create a Map and let it render / place it into an itemframe
2. Change the world to the end
3. Change the world to the default world
4. Manipulate the surrounding. The changes will not be represented by the map
(5. Reconnect to the Server, the map will now work properly again)
(6. Retry step 2 to 4 to recreate the problem)

Additional Information:
I stumbled upon this client-bug when developing some new plugins for bukkit and was able to reproduce them in vanilla. I´d appreciate if this gets fixed as it would allow things like this without any client-modifications:
http://i.imgur.com/eDebtiv.png
http://gfycat.com/MediocreGenerousCamel
http://www.reddit.com/r/Minecraft/comments/30jqn2/it_just_doesnt_feel_the_same/