When getting off a vehicle, such as a minecart, the player will be placed within 1 block of the minecart instead of directly on top. This can lead to the death of a player when teleported off a minecart into lava or above a cliff, or great annoyance when teleported into the water off a boat.

In the attached pictures, the red wool represents the the locations to which the player is teleported.

Here's a video of the bug affecting minecarts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NbTQ0oct6ck&feature=em-upload_owner