When a food item crafted with a bowl (i.e. mushroom stew, rabbit stew, beetroot soup, or suspicious stew) is given a max_stack_size component value besides 1, the whole stack is consumed at once leaving one bowl. This is different to the behavior of potion items where each bottle in a stack can be used separately.

To recreate the issue, open a world in version 24w13a with commands on and use the command:

/give @s minecraft:mushroom_stew[minecraft:max_stack_size=64] 64

While in survival mode, eat the stack of 64 mushroom stew. All of them are consumed at once leaving behind one bowl, instead of eating one mushroom stew leaving behind 63 in the stack and putting a bowl somewhere else in the inventory analogously to how honey bottles work.