For some reason, rendering the FPS graph (ALT+F3) has gotten worse in this snapshot compared to 23w14a, leading to low frame rate (which makes debugging frame rate inconsistent and harder).

23w14a:

23w16a:

As you can see, even when rendering a void world for some reason the graph rendering performance is significantly worse in last snapshot (at least in a low end machine). Note that the performance remains the same in both snapshots when only rendering the F3 screen (w/o any graphs).

How to reproduce
Relatively straightforward, just create a void world in 23w14a and 23w16a and compare the performance with ALT+F3 screen open.