For some reason, this bug seems to be happening in very obscure cases. I'm sure there are more cases the bug occurs in other than the ones described below, but I don't exactly know what causes it to happen.

How to reproduce:

Method #1

1. In a 1920x1080 window resolution, set your GUI scale to 4/"Auto."
2. Go to the video settings menu.
3. Notice how the text of some sliders overlaps the Accessibility Guide and Done buttons.

Method #2 (really obscure one!)

1. In a 1920x1080 window resolution, set your GUI scale to 2.
2. Change your language to Greek (Ελληνικά (Ελλάδα)). I have no idea why this step is necessary, but the bug didn't occur in English (US).
3. Go to the controls menu.
4. Go to the key binds menu.
5. Notice how the text of some buttons overlaps the Done button.

What I expected to happen was:

The text of the buttons that were off the screen would not be visible.

What actually happened was:

The text of the buttons that were off the screen overlapped the Done button.