The description of the change:

Blocks carried by Endermen now use loot tables to generate drops when killed.

In fact, some of the blocks do drop items like this. For example, they will drop wheat seeds when players use the command to make endermen take up grass (by using the loot table minecraft:blocks/grass).

But others do not. For example they drop a melon (minecraft:melon) instead of a number of melon slices (minecraft:melon_slice, by using the loot table minecraft:blocks/melon) when the endermen take melons. Also such as leaves, ores, etc. are like this without using their loot tables.

If the normal block loot table drops the result of mining the block, the endermen's drops are more like with Silk Touch. Maybe it's a bug, or maybe it's a descriptive error.