What I expected to happen was...:

I was fishing with an enchanted fishing rod before my computer crashed (for reasons, I think, unrelated to Minecraft).

Following a computer crash, on reentering a Minecraft world, I should have all items I had before the crash. 

What actually happened was...:

On reentering the Minecraft world, I was back at my base, and the fishing rod was neither in my inventory, nor in the chest where it had previously been stored, nor where I had been fishing.

Steps to Reproduce:

Probably not consistently reproducible.

1. While in Minecraft turn off the computer
2. Reboot, and reenter the Minecraft world
3. Check inventory