May affect older versions as well, have not tested

Running attribute @e[type=skeleton] generic.follow_range modifier add 78976fba-c3a7-4a53-9f16-1e84184b35e3 blindness -7 add

works as expected, but the catch is that the affected skeletons will flicker between holding up their bow and lowering it when their target is between 16 and 9 blocks of them.