You can apply enchantments on ALL items, and there are no restrictions to what enchantments you can apply to each item. fx: you can apply feather falling on a sword (._.) or feather falling on a piece of bread.
However I am not sure if this is a bug or feature, since it is really unclear it just seems weird that players can add enchantments on items such as a bread.

What I expected to happen was...:
I thought I was unable to apply enchantments to other than tools, weapons and armory, and it otherwise just will return nothing in the result slot.

What actually happened was...:
I added feather falling on a piece of bread

Steps to Reproduce:
1. Choose a random item and an enchantment
2. Put the item in slot 1 and the enchantment in slot 2 inside an anvil
3. As a result you'll get a bread with feather falling