1. First, arrange your inventory like this, and drop an extra stack of diamonds on the ground so you'll pick them up if you empty a slot in your inventory.
   
2. Then, shift click the diamond blocks in the recipe book.
   
3. Finally, shift click it again.
   

The items picked up are now destroyed.

I tested/discovered this in a survival world while crafting melons, and it seems like it's only destroying the items you pick up while crafting.