This issue only happens when a Ravager has a passenger, this applies also to Raids. Even when they spawn in a Raid they present this problem, but without a passenger or after you killed the passanger it will remain with the normal behavior and is going to attack players and Iron Golems again.

Ravager not approching or responding to the Iron Golem hits

But the AI works fine when there's no passengers

This also applies to Raids

With Passenger

Without Passenger

How to reproduce this issue:

First summon a Ravager with a passenger:
/summon minecraft:ravager ~ ~ ~ {Passengers:[

]}

Next is summon an Iron Golem:
/summon minecraft:iron_golem