How to reproduce

1. Create a list in an NBT-safe area (item tag tag).

   /setblock ~ ~ ~ chest{Items:[{id:tnt,Count:1b,tag:{custom_list:[1,2,3]}}]}

2. Try to replace all values in the list with those of a different type.

   /data modify block ~ ~ ~ Items[0].tag.custom_list[] set value 5b

   →  The list is cleared. It also remains in an invalid empty state (see MC-141814).