When you have the items to make a dispenser (cobble, redstone, quartz, and an undamaged bow from damaged bows combined with an anvil) and open a crafting table, open the recipe book, and select dispenser, the items for the dropper will fill the crafting table instead of the items for a dispenser.

If I manually place the fixed bow in the crafting table I can craft the dispenser.

A freshly crafted bow works as intended.