Aside from players, most/all entities that are teleported out of the world border are teleported successfully. In 1.12 and prior, there were messages notifying the player that the command failed due to being out of the world limit. An additional problem made because of this is the fact that teleporting entities to the 32-bit limit (plus or minus a few hundred blocks due to loading chunks that don't exist at all) will crash the client instantly. In some instances, it will only exit you out of the world with the message "Invalid move player packet received". There was an instance that I cannot seem to recreate, but it was based off of an armor stand that wouldn't despawn, because whenever I load the world up, it brings up the invalid move error.

My best guess is that when making all of the syntax changes, this was not carried over because it was either not attended to yet or forgotten.

This was tested on single-player worlds.