Simply put, trying to give the "tipped arrow" recipe using commands does not work. This issue happens in all snapshots, including the most recent 1.12 Pre-Release 5.

I believe the command should be:

/recipe give @p minecraft:tipped_arrow

Instead, using the 'tab' key to fill it in, the only existing recipe is under minecraft:tippedarrow, without the underscore. This may contribute to the problem.

The outputs either way are incorrect:

/recipe give @p minecraft:tipped_arrow --> "minecraft:tipped_arrow is an unknown recipe"
/recipe give @p minecraft:tippedarrow --> "Successfully given <...> the recipe for Air"