Similar to bug MC-96648, which has been closed in confusion over teleport target into or on top of block.

I would confirm this bug (here with version 1.10.2.), with an additional issue: Using the coordinates of the block I should be standing in, teleporting there made me fall through as well. After I remembered that I need to increase the height of the target block standing on, I teleported to one block above the grass_path block. I saw my char falling for a while until the world loaded.

But then the game couldn't decide where my avatar is located exactly, the camera keeps bobbing up and down (Y coordinate keeps altering between about Y.000 and Y.9...), moving is impossible, even turning the viewing angle is unreliable ... until you double-tap space in creative mode to start flying. Pressing Shift to land, eventually my avatar stood on (X.500 Y.93750 Z.500).

Teleporting back to one block above my starting location on a full-height block of some kind of stone worked without issues. My conclusion: Teleportation seems to expect a target block with integer height; a block with reduced height appears to confuse.